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HCB-2

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1. Introduction
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview of Cyanobacteria
1.2 Scope of Document
1.3 Ecology of Attached Cyanobacterial Mats
1.4 Health, Environmental, and Economic Impacts
1.5 Understanding Your Water Body and Developing an HCB Management Plan
2. Cyanotoxins
2. Cyanotoxins
2.1 Exposure Routes to Cyanotoxins
2.2 Health Impacts of Cyanotoxins
2.3 Overview of Cyanotoxin Classes
2.4 Cyanotoxin Distribution, Stability, and Exposure Considerations
2.5 Developing Cyanotoxin Toxicity Thresholds for Humans and Animals
2.6 Cyanotoxin Thresholds
3. Monitoring for benthic cyanobacteria
3. Monitoring for benthic cyanobacteria
3.1 Developing a Monitoring Plan for Benthic Cyanobacteria and Their Cyanotoxins
3.2 Field Collection Methods for Benthic HCBs
3.3 Analytical Methods
3.4 Monitoring HCBs in the Future
4. Introduction to treatment strategies
4. Introduction to treatment strategies
4.1 Summary Table
5. Communication and response planning strategies
5. Communication and response planning strategies
5.1 Reporting, Notification, and Coordination with Key Partners, Stakeholders, and the Public
5.2 Bloom Identification
5.3 Drinking Water Sources
5.4 Thresholds for HCB Advisories for Drinking Water, Recreation, and Pets/Livestock
5.5 Results, Risks, and Advisory Communication
5.6 HCB-related Illnesses Documentation and Evaluation
5.7 Maps and Data Management Optimization and Improvement
6. Recommendations
6. Recommendations
6.1 Cyanotoxin-related (Applicable for Planktonic and Benthic Sources Unless Specifically Noted)
6.2 Monitoring-related
6.3 Management-related
6.4 Communication-related
Appendix
Appendix A. Visual Guide to Common Harmful Cyanobacteria
Appendix B. Case Studies
Appendix C. Management Strategy Fact Sheets
C.1 Management Strategy Fact Sheets
C.2 Cost Compilation for Several Mitigation Strategies
C.3 Abridged Strategies
Appendix D. Team Contacts
Appendix E. Glossary
Appendix F. Acronyms
References
Acknowledgments
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Strategies for Preventing and Managing Benthic Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (HCB-2)
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This Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) online document includes fact sheets prepared by the ITRC 1,4-Dioxane team. The team is currently working on the associated Technical and Regulatory Guidance Document.

ITRC has developed a series of fact sheets to summarize the latest science and emerging technologies for 1,4-Dioxane. The fact sheets are tailored to the needs of state regulatory program personnel who are tasked with making informed and timely decisions regarding 1,4-Dioxane sites. The content is also useful to consultants and parties responsible for the release of these contaminants, as well as public and tribal stakeholders. The fact sheets in the series are:

  1. History of Use and Potential Sources
  2. Regulatory Framework
  3. Environmental Fate, Transport, and Investigation Strategies
  4. Sampling and Analysis
  5. Toxicity and Risk Assessment
  6. Remediation and Treatment Technologies

An introductory document has also been prepared. This web site also includes a combined references list and acronyms list.

Publication Date: March 2020

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HCB-2

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